Perspective on Government spending on Education
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Public spending on education has improved radically in the last 5 years (as per Union Education Minister). At 4.6% of GDP, it is close to the world average (at 4.8%) and is 0.8% of GDP higher than the last 5-years of UPA. India has a strong culture of private schools, so quality issues are a little surprising. One can guess at the reasons. Govt's target to reach 6% of GDP will put it alongside the EU, Israel and Brazil, and that should be enough to deliver high standards in education at all levels.
What of contrary claims that Govt is against spending on education and health? Eg:
Public spending on education has improved radically in the last 5 years (as per Union Education Minister). At 4.6% of GDP, it is close to the world average (at 4.8%) and is 0.8% of GDP higher than the last 5-years of UPA. India has a strong culture of private schools, so quality issues are a little surprising. One can guess at the reasons. Govt's target to reach 6% of GDP will put it alongside the EU, Israel and Brazil, and that should be enough to deliver high standards in education at all levels.
What of contrary claims that Govt is against spending on education and health? Eg:
-- Govt has consistently slashed education spending: Tharoor, Congress MP
-- Education and health expenditure is a measly 4.4% of GDP
Large amounts of off-balance sheet financing by the Centre is one reason for the mismatch. Another reason is this: Because a higher share of Central revenues is sent to the States, States have taken over responsibility to fund primary and secondary education. Centre spends less from its budget but more when combined with States. For its part, Centre has accelerated infrastructure spending on higher education and increased support to States (see below).
"Emphasis on QUALITY of EDUCATION" - see mylink
-----------------------------------------------------------------◘ Emphasis on quality at each and every school
-- Education and health expenditure is a measly 4.4% of GDP
Large amounts of off-balance sheet financing by the Centre is one reason for the mismatch. Another reason is this: Because a higher share of Central revenues is sent to the States, States have taken over responsibility to fund primary and secondary education. Centre spends less from its budget but more when combined with States. For its part, Centre has accelerated infrastructure spending on higher education and increased support to States (see below).
"Emphasis on QUALITY of EDUCATION" - see mylink
◘ Each school will be assessed and graded in 70 areas and corrective actions prescribed
◘ Centre will rank States based on school infra, teacher training, use of technology as teaching aids, school policies and robustness of the management, eg leadership
◘ Centre will handhold, and even fund improvements in teacher training in States, E-learning, Digital classrooms, Diksha portal, etc
▬ Create e-learning materials and fund digital teaching tools
▬ 4-year Bachelors degree incl internship will be taught at teaching Institutes
▬ Diksha portal for upgrading teacher skills (1.3m without formal training) https://plus.google.com/u/0/100789863972538583352/posts/7Bcagfj9xAd
Rapid expansion of Centrally funded Courses and Schools
---------------------------------------------▬ 32 educational channels have been launched
▬ SWAYAM portal offers 2,000 courses, available for Anytime Learning (like ATM), for Everyone for Free
▬ Free coaching for IIT Joint Entrance Exam is offered through IIT-PAL
▬ 462 new Ekalavya Model Residential Schools sanctioned (added to 284 already built)
▬ 125 Kendriya Vidyalaya and Navodaya Vidyalaya (see below)
All rural districts to be covered by Navodaya Vidyalaya
"The Navodaya Vidyalaya System is a unique experiment unparalleled in the annals of school education in India and elsewhere. Its significance lies in the selection of talented rural children, the attempt to nurture their talents, and to provide them with quality education, comparable to the best in a residential school system.".
40 unserved rural districts were covered since 2014 (598 to 638) and others will be covered by 2023-24. Pupil placements in NVs have grown from 37,000 (2014) to 46,000 (end-2018). It will be 51,000 by mid-2020, and expected to reach 83,000 by 2023-24. http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=187216
Rapid expansion of Centrally funded Institutes
---------------------------------------------
▬ Specialist technical institutes like Rail university, Planning & Architecture, etc
▬ Massive expansion of training Institutes, guided by the private sector
▬ Massive expansion of Medical education (eg. 24 new district medical colleges, 16 new AIIMS, expansion of existing AIIMS, better PG teaching facilities and expansion of UG places) and Nursing colleges
▬ 7 new IITs, 2 new NITs, 15 new IIITs, Science Institutes
▬ 7 new IIMs
▬ 3 new Central Universities
▬ 20+ Institutes of Eminence (for bringing select private and govt run institutes, up to world-class standards)
https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/education-spend-rose-to-4-6-of-gdp-target-6-javadekar/articleshow/68245671.cms▬ Create e-learning materials and fund digital teaching tools
▬ 4-year Bachelors degree incl internship will be taught at teaching Institutes
▬ Diksha portal for upgrading teacher skills (1.3m without formal training) https://plus.google.com/u/0/100789863972538583352/posts/7Bcagfj9xAd
Rapid expansion of Centrally funded Courses and Schools
▬ SWAYAM portal offers 2,000 courses, available for Anytime Learning (like ATM), for Everyone for Free
▬ Free coaching for IIT Joint Entrance Exam is offered through IIT-PAL
▬ 462 new Ekalavya Model Residential Schools sanctioned (added to 284 already built)
▬ 125 Kendriya Vidyalaya and Navodaya Vidyalaya (see below)
All rural districts to be covered by Navodaya Vidyalaya
"The Navodaya Vidyalaya System is a unique experiment unparalleled in the annals of school education in India and elsewhere. Its significance lies in the selection of talented rural children, the attempt to nurture their talents, and to provide them with quality education, comparable to the best in a residential school system.".
40 unserved rural districts were covered since 2014 (598 to 638) and others will be covered by 2023-24. Pupil placements in NVs have grown from 37,000 (2014) to 46,000 (end-2018). It will be 51,000 by mid-2020, and expected to reach 83,000 by 2023-24. http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=187216
Rapid expansion of Centrally funded Institutes
▬ Specialist technical institutes like Rail university, Planning & Architecture, etc
▬ Massive expansion of training Institutes, guided by the private sector
▬ Massive expansion of Medical education (eg. 24 new district medical colleges, 16 new AIIMS, expansion of existing AIIMS, better PG teaching facilities and expansion of UG places) and Nursing colleges
▬ 7 new IITs, 2 new NITs, 15 new IIITs, Science Institutes
▬ 7 new IIMs
▬ 3 new Central Universities
▬ 20+ Institutes of Eminence (for bringing select private and govt run institutes, up to world-class standards)
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- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
February 2019 - proposed AIIMS in Haryana
Total post 2014 = 16
REPLY 2w - 2w
- Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRSs)
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New EMRSs approved (universal coverage)
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284 EMRS built (and 219 operational) as of December 2018. They were built mostly ad hoc, prior to a new initiative funded by Budget FY 2018-19.
Under this change in policy, ALL sub-districts with tribal populations will have 1 EMRS
▬ Qualifying sub-district is a block/ tehsil with > 50% Scheduled Tribes population and at least 20,000 tribal persons
▬ 564 sub-districts qualify for conditions.
▬ 102 sub-districts already have EMRS
▬ So, remaining 462 sub-districts will get one new EMRS, proposed to be constructed by 2022
Construction agenda
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2018-19: 50 new EMRS
2019-20: 100 new EMRS
2020-21: 150 new EMRS
2021-22: 162 new EMRS
Details of new EMRS
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1) ERMS will have a holistic curriculum, will be like Navodya Vidyalaya:
▬ have special facilities for preserving local art and culture
▬ have Autonomous society to run the ERMSs
2) 10% reserved for non-ST children
Funding from Centre and arrangement with States
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Centre gives grants to establish the school (Rs 30 lakh) and per student for annual running costs.
▬ Grant per EMRS student (recurring annual costs) increased from Rs 0.61 lakh to Rs 1.09 lakh.
▬ 480 students will be the max sanctioned strength per school
Centre has approval from the following States:
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92 will be established in Odisha.
70 will come up in Jharkhand
50 in Chhattisgarh and
40 in Madhya Pradesh
REPLY 2w
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