Ecological flows and cleaning of Ganga & tributaries
Various development projects
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π 1. Water testing every 20 Km
π 2. Barrages, hydropower dams and other structures that divert or retain water must prioritise the release of water when river water levels are low
π 3. Skimming of solid waste
π 4. Crematoriums and village sanitation
π 5. Monitoring, closure of polluting industrial units, and/or relocation to sites with proper treatment plants
π 6. Sewage works
π 7. Ghat development
π 8. Ganga waterways development
π 9. River cruise tourism development
π 10. Plantation of trees & wildlife preservation
π 11. River patrols, work and awareness programme
⚾ 12. Storage to maintain adequate flows all year round
13. Solid waste management
14. Industrial and municipal water recycling
15. Waste to energy projects
16. Promotion of efficient irrigation
17. Ganga Gram for solid & liquid waste management and for all-round development of 4470 villages
Notes:
π¨138 monitoring sites π¨Centre notifies e-flow norms for river Ganga π¨24X 7 skimming near iconic city ghats: Varanasi, Bithoor, Kanpur, Allahabad, Mathura, Vrindavan and Haridwar π¨99 out of 106 sewage projects underway to finish by 2018 & 2019 π¨151 ghats & 54 crematoriums will finish by Mar 2019 π¨Cargo operations will soon start π¨Rs 25cr project with Wildlife Institute of India π¨Gangetic dolphin, river otters, turtles and aquatic birds to be restored π¨300 Territorial Armymen engaged for Ganga work πYamuna storage dams approved by Centre & all State govts, to be funded as national projects
Various development projects
π 1. Water testing every 20 Km
π 2. Barrages, hydropower dams and other structures that divert or retain water must prioritise the release of water when river water levels are low
π 3. Skimming of solid waste
π 4. Crematoriums and village sanitation
π 5. Monitoring, closure of polluting industrial units, and/or relocation to sites with proper treatment plants
π 6. Sewage works
π 7. Ghat development
π 8. Ganga waterways development
π 9. River cruise tourism development
π 10. Plantation of trees & wildlife preservation
π 11. River patrols, work and awareness programme
⚾ 12. Storage to maintain adequate flows all year round
13. Solid waste management
14. Industrial and municipal water recycling
15. Waste to energy projects
16. Promotion of efficient irrigation
17. Ganga Gram for solid & liquid waste management and for all-round development of 4470 villages
Notes:
π¨138 monitoring sites π¨Centre notifies e-flow norms for river Ganga π¨24X 7 skimming near iconic city ghats: Varanasi, Bithoor, Kanpur, Allahabad, Mathura, Vrindavan and Haridwar π¨99 out of 106 sewage projects underway to finish by 2018 & 2019 π¨151 ghats & 54 crematoriums will finish by Mar 2019 π¨Cargo operations will soon start π¨Rs 25cr project with Wildlife Institute of India π¨Gangetic dolphin, river otters, turtles and aquatic birds to be restored π¨300 Territorial Armymen engaged for Ganga work πYamuna storage dams approved by Centre & all State govts, to be funded as national projects
5
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- "We have picked up speed and by 2020 our target is not to allow untreated sewage water into river Ganga"
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Interview
Industrial pollution is just 20% of the effluent but it is particularly toxic. We mapped industries: significant pollution comes from clusters like tanneries in Kanpur, and other industries across Ganga like paper and pulp industry, distilleries, sugar, and textiles. We have started to build the Common Effluent Treatment Plants with chrome recovery, proper conveyance and also a pilot ZLD. Existing CETP at Kanpur was not functioning well, so we devised a plan for that.
Pollution Control boards (Centre & State) are tasked to do very thorough inspections and bring effluents down to set targets. In addition, 12 institutions like IITs, NITs, and NEERI, which are expert institutions are involved. This gives credibility to showcase notices we send to non-complaint units. If the unit is closed it can reopen after improvements. Online monitoring is also done so manual tempering is not possible. We plan to set up online monitoring for sewage effluent as well.
STP requirement was mapped city by city, town by town. We are creating capacity wherever a gap was identified. Total sewage generation was 3,000 MLD but capacity was just 1,400 MLD. A professional agency went to each and found only 700 MLD in good working condition. Old STPs will be rehabilitated and also 106 new projects will cater for demands of 2035.
We have taken up projects for creating 2,000 MLD new capacity -- which adds to 1,400 MLD existing capacity (fully rehabilitated). With this, we are close to the target of 3,600 MLD for 2035.
We are implementing 106 sewage projects. 28 are already completed and most of the other projects are under execution. Only 7 projects have not been tendered! So, most projects are either at an advanced stage of completion or are likely to be over in 2018 or 2019.
We are using PPP for STPs on HAM funding model -- local bodies don't have the capability to run them, which has led to STPs misfunctioning in the past. Our HAM projects have a performance guarantee attached to each contract. Centre used to fund 70 per cent whereas 30 per cent came from the state. Now, Centre is giving them 100%. But the construction work, tendering, etc are all handled by the state governments. New state project directors were appointed and state executive agencies are tasked with this work.
Ghats are very important -- we are determined to provide the right kind of amenities for locals & pilgrims such as sanitation facilities, so the traditional lifestyles continue. Besides improving 115 individual ghats, we have connected a few ghats. In major cities, such as in Patna, a 6 km of river-front has been developed!!
Iconic ghats are found in Varanasi, Bithoor, Haridwar, Mathura, Vrindavan, Kanpur, Allahabad. We have employed locals to do regular cleaning and are using skimming machines to remove floating debris in highly visited sites like Kanpur, Patna, Allahabad, and Haridwar. More than 50 crematoriums will be modernised.
Afforestation is a major strategy. Forest Research Institute has made a very detailed project report and we are using CAMPA funds (ie Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority). Three types of planting are being done, using carefully selected species: 1. Along the river 2) Agricultural river escapes 3) Urban river escapes.
REPLY 13w REPLY 21w - 1. Water storage on river Yamuna to improve flows during the dry season
2. Dams will alleviate future drinking water inadequacies for Delhi and 5 states---------------------------------
Lakhwar multipurpose project (Rs 4,000cr) that includes 300 MW capacity and water storage. It is a national project aimed at meeting drinking water needs for Delhi and 5 states (Rajasthan, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh) over the next 20-25 years. It will also improve the water flow in river Yamuna during the dry season (from December to May/June).
Lakhwar is one of three projects on river Yamuna. It is last to be approved but others (Renukaji & Kishau) have not yet started construction.
Total Storage 1093 MCM
Total Irrigation 0.131m Ha
Total Generation 1060 MW
Total drinking water supply to Delhi 782 MLD
ie.
1. Renukaji - 275 MLD
2. Kishau - 372MLD
3. Lakhwar plus run-of-the-river Vyasi project - 135MLD
REPLY 21w - 30th November 2018
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Sisamau Nala closed forever
Discharge of nearly 140m litres of sewage from Sisamau Nala to the Ganga river was stopped and diverted to STP in Jajmou, Kanpur. This nala was the single biggest contributor to Ganga pollution. Dealing with 60m litre fast flowing channel of sewage was quite tricky. Pumps were used beforehand to enable the drain to be blocked downstream.
Yamuna projects approved
10 projects (Rs 1,570cr) for Yamuna cleaning were sanctioned (on 25/11/2018). Sewage drains will be blocked and diverted to STPs.
REPLY 12w - 21st December 2018
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Ganga water is now good enough to support aquatic life
Regular monitoring (at 20 locations on Ganga & 6 tributaries), by many independent agencies like ISRO, shows that Ganga water has changed for the better. Dissolved O2 levels have improved & water pH is healthy. This is attributed to the closure of large sewer drains in Kanpur (see above article) and the success in controlling industrial effluents (esp from Kanpur tanneries).
UP Pollution Control Board (UPPCB) officer confirmed these findings. He says O2 levels above and below the former black spots prove that Ganga cleaning projects are effectively curbing pollution. He also says:
“The river water has now become friendly for marine life. They are meeting two ideal water conditions for supporting marine life: that pH level is between 6.5 to 8.5 mg/ltr and dissolved oxygen level is less than 3mg/ltr. Dissolved O2 levels (@ 2.5mg/ltr) are also good for human use,” Misra said.
REPLY 12w
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